孙葆田，字佩南，是从山东走出来的一代国学大师，晚清著名学者。其年少求学，便“有志于正学”；在其青年时期，又先后师承武昌张裕钊（字廉卿）学习桐城派古文法，师从高密单为鏓（字伯平）治经。其教书育人，不遗余力：先后主讲开封大梁书院、济南尚志书院等，培养弟子众多。其为官清廉，不惧权贵：在安徽合肥知县任上，秉公执法，被当地百姓誉为“包龙图复出”。其著作等身，佳作颇多：曾经先后主持编纂光绪《南阳县志》、宣统《山东通志》等，皆为地方志佳品，为后世所重。其人品高尚，为人庄重：曾以一己之力奉养同室弟子，为当时之道德典范。其生平遗作主要收录在《校经室文集》之中。本文对孙葆田与宣统《山东通志》进行初探，主要作了如下几个方面的工作： 第一章，对孙葆田的家世与生平进行了探究：在家世部分，主要是对其家世进行了溯源；在生平部分，对孙葆田“有志于正学”、坎坷的仕途及教书育人三个方面进行了论述；其后为本章小结，结合晚清民初的历史社会氛围对其人生经历进行了分析。 第二章，对孙葆田的著述与交游进行了探析：在著述部分，对孙葆田著作的《校经室文集》六卷、《补遗》一卷，《山东金石志》六卷，《孟志编略》六卷，《岁余偶录》，《山东创建图书馆记》，纂修的光绪《南阳县志》、宣统《山东通志》两部方志以及刻印的书籍进行了论述；在交游部分，则对孙葆田与桐城派文人、与通志局同仁及与督抚诸大臣之间交游进行了述略；其后为本章小结，对这一章的内容进行了概括与总结。 第三章，对孙葆田总纂宣统《山东通志》进行了研究：其一是对历史上的山东省志进行了综述；其二是对是志的纂修情况作了说明；其三是对是志的内容从整体的角度进行了评述；其四是对是志的特点进行了探析；其五是对宣统《山东通志》的价值进行了分析；其后为本章小结，对这一章的内容进行了总括。 第四章，是全文结语部分。主要从总体上对全文内容进行了总述，对孙葆田与宣统《山东通志》的研究加以深化与概括，说明本文存在的不足和缺陷。 student, "interested in studying"; In his youth, and successively from wuchang Zhang Yuzhao tongcheng school GuWenFa LianQing (word) learning, from high-density single for 鏓 (word "flat) cure. Its teaching, spare no effort: scholar kaifeng girder college, jinan fashion view college, such as cultivating many disciples. The officer clean, unafraid to powerful: in anhui hefei magistrate of a county, enforce the law impartially, known as "return package by" by local people. Its prolific, excellent work a lot: once successively presided over by compiling guangxu "nanyang county annals", xuantong "shandong tongzh, etc., are local gazetteers, for future generations. The personal character noble, a solemn, had their own cherished fellow disciples, for at the time of the moral model. Its last major included in the school through the room corpus. In this paper, the Sun Baotian and xuantong "shandong tongzh, make a preliminary study, mainly for the following several aspects work: The first chapter, to explore Sun Baotian family background and life: in the family, mainly for its family roots; Part in life, to Sun Baotian "interested in is learning", rough official career and teaching three aspects discussed; Later as the summary of this chapter, the social atmosphere of the late qing dynasty in the early history of the life experiences are analyzed. In the second chapter, the writings of Sun Baotian analysis: with the friends in the writing section, the works of the Sun Baotian to the school through the room, six volumes, "addendum" a roll, the shandong Jin Shizhi six volumes, six rolls Meng Zhi make up slightly, over the years I recorded ", "shandong create library", took the guangxu "nanyang county annals", xuantong chorography of the shandong tongzh, two books and signet are discussed; In friends section, the annals bureau of Sun Baotian and tongcheng school scholars, and between colleagues and ZhuDaChen with governors on the ShuLve; For subsequent summary, this chapter summarizes and the content of this chapter. The third chapter, the Sun Baotian master xuantong shandong annals are studied: one is the history of tzu chi in shandong province are reviewed; The second is on the is volunteers took instructions; A third is to is the content of the volunteers are reviewed from the Angle of the whole; Four is to analysis is the characteristic of volunteers; The value of xuantong five is an introduction to the shandong tongzh, are analyzed; Then as the summary of this chapter, content of this chapter has carried on the blanket. The fourth chapter, is the full text conclusion part. Mainly from the overall to an overview of the full text of Sun Baotian and xuantong "shandong tongzh, study to deepen and summary, in this paper, the deficiencies and defects.

As Chinese market economy and the deepening of structural reform, all walks of life to face the fierce market competition. Enterprises seeking to achieve sustained economic benefits of a competitive advantage, has always been a modern enterprise management must take into account the most important issue. As a result, strengthen financial management and advanced use of modern methods of cost control is the business of survival and development of a key, and continuously improve the cost become the core of enterprise management. However, a large number of small enterprises in China cost the status quo is not optimistic, there are still driven by the interests of the internal costs caused by distortion of accounting information, the narrow scope of the cost, the cost of the products included in the scope and content of labor costs was incomplete, inadequate cost-accounting method Reasonable and many other issues, it is difficult to meet small business to participate in market competition needs to be improved and perfected. The article described the current system, many of our small business cost accounting used by many of the deficiencies that exist and their causes them one by one analysis shows that the business can not continue to adapt to face the fierce market competition, the modern enterprise Management needs more attention to cost accounting, cost accounting must also be more scientific and systematic. Finally, the article on how to improve our cost accounting in the small business to explore the problems and made improvements and improve the proposals.